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Class 10 > Learn Motion > 1. (a) Identify the kind of motion in the following...
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1. (a) Identify the kind of motion in the following cases: (i) A car moving with constant speed turning around a curve. (ii) An electron orbitting around nucleus. (b) An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 36,000 km. Calculate its speed if it takes 24 hours to revolve around the earth.

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i) Motion of a Car around a Curve: The kind of motion exhibited by a car moving with constant speed turning around a curve is uniform circular motion. In this motion, the car maintains a constant speed while continuously changing its direction due to the curve, resulting in a circular path. ii) Motion...
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i) Motion of a Car around a Curve:

  • The kind of motion exhibited by a car moving with constant speed turning around a curve is uniform circular motion.
  • In this motion, the car maintains a constant speed while continuously changing its direction due to the curve, resulting in a circular path.

ii) Motion of an Electron Orbiting around a Nucleus:

  • The kind of motion displayed by an electron orbiting around a nucleus is uniform circular motion.
  • In an atom, electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular paths at a constant speed, maintaining a stable orbit.

Answer to Question (b):

Given:

  • Radius of circular orbit, r=36,000r=36,000 km
  • Time taken to revolve around the Earth, T=24T=24 hours

To Calculate:

  • Speed of the artificial satellite in its orbit.

Solution:

  1. Convert the time from hours to seconds since speed is measured in meters per second.

    • 2424 hours ×60×60 minutes/hour ×60×60 seconds/minute = 86,40086,400 seconds.

  2. Apply the formula for the speed of an object in circular motion:

    • Speed v=2πrTv=T2πr

  3. Substitute the given values into the formula:

    • Speed v = \frac{2 \pi \times 36,000 km}{86,400 ) seconds }
    • Speed v=72,000π86,400v=86,40072,000π km/s
    • Speed v=20π24v=2420π km/s
    • Speed v=5π6v=65π km/s
    • Speed v≈2.62v≈2.62 km/s (approximately)

Result:

  • The speed of the artificial satellite in its circular orbit around the Earth is approximately 2.622.62 km/s.
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