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What is meant by ‘shape-selective catalysis’ of reactions?

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Shape-selective catalysis refers to a catalytic process where the reactant molecules are selectively adsorbed and oriented within the catalytic active sites based on their size and shape. In other words, the catalyst allows only certain reactant molecules to access and react within its active sites,...
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Shape-selective catalysis refers to a catalytic process where the reactant molecules are selectively adsorbed and oriented within the catalytic active sites based on their size and shape. In other words, the catalyst allows only certain reactant molecules to access and react within its active sites, while excluding others based on their size and shape.

This selectivity arises from the specific structure and pore size of the catalyst material, which can act as molecular sieves, allowing only molecules of certain sizes and shapes to enter and undergo reaction. As a result, shape-selective catalysis can lead to improved selectivity and efficiency in various chemical reactions, particularly in complex reaction mixtures where multiple reactants and products are present.

Shape-selective catalysis is commonly employed in industrial processes such as petroleum refining and petrochemical production, where it can facilitate the selective conversion of larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more valuable products, while minimizing unwanted side reactions. Zeolites are a class of materials widely used in shape-selective catalysis due to their well-defined pore structures and tunable properties.

 
 
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