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Create a PivotTable to analyze worksheet data
Select the cells you want to create a PivotTable from. ...
Select Insert > PivotTable.
This creates a PivotTable based on an existing table or range. ...
Choose where you want the PivotTable report to be placed. ...
Select OK.

Echo is a Unix/Linux command tool used for displaying lines of text or string which are passed as arguments on the command line. This is one of the basic command in linux and most commonly used in shell scripts. In this tutorial, we will look at the different options of echo command.

Shell scripting is primarily used to automate repetitive system tasks, such as backing up files, monitoring system resources, and managing user accounts. By turning a series of commands into a script, system administrators can save time, increase accuracy, and simplify complex tasks.

Because of its open-source status, adaptability, control, and reliability, Linux is a preferred operating system among ethical hackers. For hacking and penetration testing, Linux provides a wide range of tools and applications. Its command-line interface makes difficult and automated tasks simpler.

I have a bash application that is producing some result, and I'd like to echo the result to either stdout or to a user chosen file. Because I also echo other interactive messages going to the screen, requiring the user to explicitly use the > redirection when he wants to echo the result to a file is not an option (*), as those messages would also appear in the file.

Right now I have a solution, but it's ugly.

if [ -z $outfile ]
then
    echo "$outbuf"    # Write output buffer to the screen (stdout)
else
    echo "$outbuf" > $outfile  # Write output buffer to file
fi

I tried to have the variable $outfile to be equal to stdout, to &1 and perhaps something else but it would just write to file having that name and not actually to stdout. Is there a more elegant solution?

(*) I could cheat and use stderr for that purpose, but I think it's also quite ugly, isn't it?